Traffic on roads consists of road users including pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, buses and other conveyances, either singly or together, while using the public way for purposes of travel. Traffic laws are the laws which govern traffic and regulate vehicles, while rules of the road are both the laws and the informal rules that may have developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic.

Different operational systems are developed to face these new challenges, providing solutions for different traffic control centers, from roads to transportation, aerial, rail or maritime traffic management businesses. Over the last decades, the increase in traffic volume affected different agents such as traffic managers, road operators and transport service operators in areas ranging from roads to maritime transport.

The need has arisen to improve traffic control centers with upgraded operational systems. These issues can only be addressed with an integrated approach, where efforts must converge to promote ITS deployment and address sustainable urban transport planning.